RetroBSD & LiteBSDのご紹介

2016年07月29日(金) NetBSDのご紹介 at OSC2016 Kyoto

• http://qml.610t.org/FreeBSD/OSC2016Kyoto_JNUG.html
• http://qml.610t.org/FreeBSD/OSC2016Kyoto_JNUG.presen (Presentation mode)

• デモはK*BUGブースで!!

• Can it run BSD? The story of a MIPS-based PIC32 microcontroller

• RetroBSD公式: : http://retrobsd.org/
• RetroBSD - a minimalistic Unix system at BSD Day 2011

• 2.11BSDベース: PDP11で動いていたもの
• PIC32MX用OS(MIPS M4Kアーキテクチャ, 32bit): MMUなし
• 組み込み用ボード向け
• ネットワークは、w5100に対応しているみたい(?)

たけおかさんの発表も参考にして下さい(_O_)

• retroBSD on PIC32マイコン
• RetroBSDを味見 at JNUG BSD BoF 2012

• Supported Boards: http://retrobsd.org/wiki/doku.php/board/index

ボード選択のポイント

• 使い勝手: USBシリアル内蔵? (kernel用)writerは必要?
• I/O: すぐに使えるI/Oがあるか?
• 値段: できるだけ安いほうが良いよね?

むとうのおすすめ

• Olimex PIC32-RETROBSD
• 買ってすぐにRetroBSDが動く!!
• DIGILENT chipKIT Max32
• 安定の定番、メインの開発環境

• Olimexで19.95 EUR (Pinguno-Microは12.95 EUR)
• 主なI/O: USBシリアル / writer / スイッチx1 / LEDx2

• PIC32-RETROBSD
• New Product in stock: PIC32-RetroBSD Open Source Hardware Board running Unix like RetroBSD OS 2015/12/16
• Pinguino-MicroのCPU性能を上げ(512KB Flash, 128KB RAM)、あらかじめRetroBSDがインストールされている

• 秋月で5400円、 SDシールド類は1000円ぐらいから
• 主なI/O: USBシリアル / writer / LEDx1

• たけおかさんも使ってる

• chipKIT Max32
• 普通は、Arduinoとして使う

2.11 BSD Unix for PIC32, revision G488 build 1:
     Compiled 2016-01-24 by root@goa.vak.ru:
     /website/retrobsd/build/retrobsd-sources/sys/pic32/max32
cpu: 795F512L 80 MHz, bus 80 MHz
oscillator: XT crystal, PLL div 1:2 mult x20
spi2: pins sdi=RG7/sdo=RG8/sck=RG6
uart1: pins rx=RF2/tx=RF8, interrupts 26/27/28, console
uart2: pins rx=RF4/tx=RF5, interrupts 40/41/42
uart4: pins rx=RD14/tx=RD15, interrupts 67/68/69
sd0: port SPI2, pin cs=RC14
gpio0: portA, pins ii---ii-iiiioiii
gpio1: portB, pins iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
gpio2: portC, pins i-ii-------iiii-
gpio3: portD, pins --iiiiiiiiiiiiii
gpio4: portE, pins ------iiiiiiiiii
gpio5: portF, pins --ii--------i-ii
gpio6: portG, pins iiii--i-----iiii

adc: 15 channels
pwm: 5 channels
sd0: function groups 3/1/1/1/1/1, max current 200 mA
sd0: type SDHC, size 1966080 kbytes, speed 20 Mbit/sec
sd0a: partition type b7, sector 2, size 102400 kbytes
sd0b: partition type b8, sector 204802, size 2048 kbytes
sd0c: partition type b7, sector 208898, size 102400 kbytes
phys mem  = 128 kbytes
user mem  = 96 kbytes
root dev  = (0,1)
swap dev  = (0,2)
root size = 102400 kbytes
swap size = 2048 kbytes
/dev/sd0a: 1447 files, 12070 used, 89929 free
Starting daemons: update cron


2.11 BSD UNIX (pic32) (console)

login:

2.11 BSD Unix for PIC32, revision G290 build 7:
     Compiled 2015-07-14 by chris@olimex:
     /home/chris/retrobsd/sys/pic32/pinguino-micro
cpu: 795F512H 80 MHz, bus 80 MHz
oscillator: HS crystal, PLL div 1:2 mult x20
console: ttyUSB0 (7,0)
sd0: port SPI2, select pin B13
sd0: type SDHC, size 7565312 kbytes, speed 13 Mbit/sec
phys mem  = 128 kbytes
user mem  = 96 kbytes
root dev  = rd0a (0,1)
root size = 102400 kbytes
swap dev  = rd0b (0,2)
swap size = 2048 kbytes
/dev/sd0a: 1451 files, 12149 used, 89850 free
Starting daemons: update cron 


2.11 BSD UNIX (pic32) (console)

login: 

• BSDなので、manも/games/もあります;-)

% w
 10:29am  up 1 min,  1 user,  load averages: 0.03, 0.00, 0.00
User            tty       login@  idle   JCPU   PCPU  what
root            console  10:29am                      -
% ps alx
  F S   UID   PID  PPID CPU PRI NICE  ADDR  SZ WCHAN    TTY  TIME COMMAND
  3 S     0     0     0  21   0   0 0x6800   3 runout   ?    0:02 swapper
200 S     0     1     0   1  30   0   0x50  33 proc     ?    0:00 init - 
200 S     0    10     1   0  40   0    0xd   7 u        ?    0:00 update 
200 S     0    12     1   0  26   0    0xa  52 selwait  ?    0:00 cron 
200 S     0    13     1   0  30   0   0x19  39 proc     USB  0:00 -sh 
  1 R     0    16    13  13  50   0 0x7400  38          USB  0:00 ps alx 
% df -i
Filesystem  1K-blocks     Used    Avail Capacity iused   ifree  %iused  Mounted on
/dev/sd0a      101999    12151    89848    11%    1453    4947    22%   /

% man echo
ECHO(1)                                                                ECHO(1)

NAME
       echo - echo arguments

SYNOPSIS
       echo [ -n ] [ arg ] ...

DESCRIPTION
       Echo  writes its    arguments separated by blanks and terminated by a new-
       line on the standard output.  If the flag -n is  used,  no  newline  is
       added to the output.

       Echo  is     useful  for  producing  diagnostics in shell programs and for
       writing constant data on pipes.  To send diagnostics  to  the  standard
       error file, do `echo ... 1>&2'.

7th Edition                     April 29, 1985                         ECHO(1)

% ls /games/
aclock       bcd          factor       morse        rain         trek
adventure    boggle       fish         number       robots       worm
arithmetic   btlgammon    fortune      pig          rogue        worms
atc          caesar       hangman      pom          sail         wump
backgammon   canfield     lib          ppt          snake
banner       cfscores     mille        primes       snscore
battlestar   cribbage     monop        quiz         teachgammon

%  /games/hangman
     ______
     |    |
     |    O                                          Guessed:  abfgilnqs
     |   /|\
     |    |                                          Word #:           1
     |   / \                                         Current Average:  9.000
   __|_____                                          Overall Average:  0.000
   |      |___
   |_________|

 Word:  --g--a--
Guess:  
Sorry, the word was "vegetate"
Another word? 

• ディジタルの入出力が可能な汎用バス
• RetroBSDでは、制御用に/dev/conf*を、アクセス用に/dev/port*を使う

設定

% cat /dev/confe
------iiiiiiiiii
% echo --------iiiioooo > /dev/confe
% cat /dev/confe
------iiiiiioooo

入出力

% cat /dev/porte
--------11111000
% echo --------00000000 > /dev/porte
% echo --------11111111 > /dev/porte

• アナログ入力データを、デジタル値としてコンピュータに入力
• RetroBSDでは、/dev/adc*を入力として使う(値を出し続ける)

% cat /dev/adc0|head -1
1023

• adc-demoコマンドあり

% adc-demo
adc0   722  ============================================
adc1   538  ================================
adc2   880  ======================================================
adc3   332  ===================
    …

MAX32

• ユーザLEDを点滅する

PIC32-RetroBSD

• GPIO経由で外部LEDを点灯する
• 外部ボタンを押すと、全部のLEDが点滅する

• シェルスクリプトは死ぬほど遅いorz
• 特にパイプを使った時

• 4つの可変抵抗値(adc0-3)と1つのCdSの値(adc4)を入力

% cat /dev/adc0|head -1
681

• adc-demo

% adc-demo
adc0   682  =========================================
adc1   379  ======================
adc2   278  ================
adc3   921  ========================================================
adc4    11  
adc5     0  
adc6     5  
adc7     8  
adc8    17  
adc9     0  
adc10    0  
adc11    0  
adc12    0  
adc13 1023  ==============================================================
adc14  419  =========================
adc15 1023  ==============================================================

• LiteBSD公式: : http://litebsd.org/

• 4.4BSD-Liteベース
• PIC32MZ(MIPS M5150, 32bit)用OS: MMUあり
• TCP/IPサポートあり (有線: SMSC LAN8720A, LAN8740A, 無線: MRF24WG(開発中))

• GPIOはRetroBSDと同じように使える (ADCは無し)

• Supported boards at https://github.com/sergev/LiteBSD/wiki

むとうのおすすめ

• DIGILENT chipKIT Wi-FIRE board
• 無線LAN(mrf0:ドライバ未完成)
• Olimex EMZ64 board (PIC32-EMZ64)
• 豊富なI/O

• 主なI/O
• 無線LANがある (mrf0): ドライバは完成していない
• USBシリアル / writer / LEDx4 / スイッチx2 / ポテンショメータ
• $79

• https://github.com/sergev/LiteBSD/wiki/chipKIT%20WiFire%20board
• 普通はArduino互換機として使う

• Olimexで24.95 EUR
• 主なI/O
• Ethernet 100M / OLED128x64 / LEDx3 / スイッチx3
• 3.3Vシリアル変換必要, kernel書込にPICkit2が必要

• https://github.com/sergev/LiteBSD/wiki/Olimex%20EMZ64%20board

Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.

4.4BSD-Lite build 0 compiled 2016-01-03
    root@goa.vak.ru:litebsd-sources/sys/compile/WIFIRE.pic32
cpu: PIC32MZ2048EFG100 rev A1, 200 MHz
oscillator: system PLL div 1:6 mult x50
cache: 16/4 kbytes
real mem = 512 kbytes
avail mem = 344 kbytes
using 18 buffers containing 73728 bytes of memory
spi1 at pins sdi=RD14/sdo=RC1/sck=RD1
spi2 at pins sdi=RF0/sdo=RD11/sck=RG6
spi3 at pins sdi=RB10/sdo=RC4/sck=RB14
spi4 at pins sdi=RF5/sdo=RG0/sck=RD10
uart1 at pins rx=RF1/tx=RD15, interrupts 112/113/114
uart4 at pins rx=RF2/tx=RF8, interrupts 170/171/172, console

sd0 at port spi3, pin cs=RC3
gpio0 at portA, pins -i---ii-iiiiiiii
gpio1 at portB, pins i---i-iiiiiiiiii
gpio2 at portC, pins iiii---------i--
gpio3 at portD, pins --ii------iiii-i
gpio4 at portE, pins ------iiiiiiiiii
gpio5 at portF, pins --ii--------i---
gpio6 at portG, pins iiii--iii-------
mrf0 at port spi4, pins cs=RD9, irq=RA15, reset=RF4, hibernate=RG1
mrf0: MRF24WG version 31.c, MAC address 00:1e:c0:1a:41:5d
bpf: mrf0 attached
sd0: function groups 1/1/1/1/1/3, max current 200 mA
sd0: type SDHC, size 1966080 kbytes, speed 50 Mbit/sec
sd0a: partition type b7, sector 2, size 204800 kbytes
sd0b: partition type b8, sector 409602, size 32768 kbytes
sd0c: partition type b7, sector 475138, size 102400 kbytes

bpf: sl0 attached
bpf: lo0 attached
WARNING: preposterous clock chip time -- CHECK AND RESET THE DATE!

starting file system checks.
/dev/rsd0a: 2317 files, 16799 blocks used, 33416 free
/dev/rsd0a: MARKING FILE SYSTEM CLEAN
starting network
clearing /tmp
standard daemons: update cron.
Sun Apr 17 09:37:57 PDT 2016


4.4BSD-Lite (bsd.net) (console)

login: 

• manはあるけど、/usr/games/のソースはあるけど入って無いみたい

/root # w
10:49AM  up 2 mins, 1 user, load averages: 0.38, 0.17, 0.06
USER    TTY FROM              LOGIN@  IDLE WHAT
root     co -                10:47AM     0 (w)
/root # ps alx
  UID   PID  PPID CPU PRI NI   VSZ  RSS WCHAN  STAT TT       TIME COMMAND
    0     0     0   0 -18  0     0    0 schedu DLs  ??    0:00.04 (swapper)
    0     1     0   1  10  0   168    0 wait   IWs  ??    0:00.08 /sbin/init
    0     2     0  20 -18  0     0    0 -      RL   ??    0:10.52 (pagedaemon)
    0    27     1   0  18  0    20    0 pause  IWs  ??    0:00.23 update
    0    29     1   0  18  0   216    0 pause  IWs  ??    0:00.15 cron
    0    33     1   2  18  0   380   36 pause  Ss    4    0:04.33 -sh (ksh)
    0    60    33   2  28  0   200   92 -      R+    4    0:00.05 (ps)
/root # df -i
Filesystem  1K-blocks     Used    Avail Capacity iused   ifree  %iused  Mounted on
/dev/sd0a      200860    67196   117592    36%    2317   28561     8%   /

/root # man uptime|cat
UPTIME(1)                 BSD General Commands Manual                UPTIME(1)

NAME
     uptime — show how long system has been running

SYNOPSIS
     uptime

DESCRIPTION
     The uptime utility displays the current time, the length of time the sys‐
     tem has been up, the number of users, and the load average of the system
     over the last 1, 5, and 15 minutes.

FILES
     /vmunix  system name list

SEE ALSO
     w(1)

HISTORY
     The uptime command appeared in 3.0BSD.

3rd Berkeley Distribution       April 18, 1994       3rd Berkeley Distribution

• ボタン入力をそのままLED出力として表示

RetroBSDやLiteBSDで遊びませんか?

• まだ実装されていないドライバがあります (無線LAN, USB, ...)
• 最近、FreeBSDでビルドできるようになりました
• 時に動かないコマンドもありますorz
• 実機がなくても、RetroBSDにはVirtualMIPS(pic32)エミュレータがあります
• 今からでも遊べますね!?

むとうのやりたいこと

• RetroBSDで、echoやbcやawkなどを直す
• TCP/IP回りの調査
• LiteBSDでADCは動かない?